Department of Environmental Studies and Scienceshttps://hdl.handle.net/10680/14922024-03-19T07:10:26Z2024-03-19T07:10:26ZProbing the relationship between ecosystem perceptions and approaches to environmental governance: an exploratory content analysis of seven water dilemmasPlummer, RyanBaird, JuliaBullock, RyanDupont, DianeRenzetti, Stevenhttps://hdl.handle.net/10680/20962023-07-29T08:00:31Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZProbing the relationship between ecosystem perceptions and approaches to environmental governance: an exploratory content analysis of seven water dilemmas
Plummer, Ryan; Baird, Julia; Bullock, Ryan; Dupont, Diane; Renzetti, Steven
Addressing wicked ‘water dilemmas’ requires an understanding of the context within which they are embedded. This study explored perceptions of the ecosystem in terms of resilience and the governance approaches employed through a content analysis of documents from seven case studies across the globe. Analytical constructs developed for resilience and governance approaches guided the exploration. Multiple resilience types were present in documents for each case, but few patterns emerged across cases. Governance approaches were strongly focused on state approaches in most cases. A relationship between resilience type and governance approach was not clear; however, a pattern emerged between the presence of the social–ecological resilience type and non-state-centred governance forms. The type of author (government, non-government) or the type of document (research and advisory, descriptive) were not found to mediate the findings as resilience framings varied considerably and state governance approaches were emphasised throughout. As the findings stand in contrast to contemporary scholarship on understanding ecosystems and environmental governance they raise important issues to which individuals must be cognizant when accessing documents for guidance. They also open avenues for future investigation of water dilemmas at the nexus of theory, policy and practice.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZPelleted manure compost improves mine spoil properties enhancing plant growth and phyto-stabilization of potentially toxic metalsIndraratne, Srimathie P.Pierzynski, Gary M.Baker, Lucas R.Prasad, P.V. VaraArachchige, Pavithra S. Pitumpehttps://hdl.handle.net/10680/20362023-02-15T09:00:25Z2022-08-18T00:00:00ZPelleted manure compost improves mine spoil properties enhancing plant growth and phyto-stabilization of potentially toxic metals
Indraratne, Srimathie P.; Pierzynski, Gary M.; Baker, Lucas R.; Prasad, P.V. Vara; Arachchige, Pavithra S. Pitumpe
Feedlotmanure is rich in plant nutrients and can immobilize potentially toxic metals. However, pelleted manure compost as an amendment material in mine spoils (chat) is not well studied. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of pelleted cattle manure on improving chat properties facilitating phyto-stabilization and the establishment of grasses. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted with unamended and amended chat (lime treated) with pelleted manure at three rates (60, 120, and 180 Mg ha−1) with and without bentonite (B), using two native grasses, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Löve). Leachates from pots were collected periodically until harvest. Nutrients and metal concentrations were measured in chat treatments, and metal concentrations were measured in plant tissues and leachates. Manure-amended chat reduced leachate Cd and Zn on average by >75% and >80%, respectively. Above-ground dry matter yield increased by >2.5-fold and >4-fold, respectively, in switchgrass and wheatgrass with the increase of 3-fold manure rate. The manure rate at 180 Mg ha−1 reduced plant Cd and Zn by 50% and 20%, respectively, in wheatgrass, and 30% and no reduction, respectively, in switchgrass, compared to the 60 Mg ha−1 manure rate. Overall, pelleted manure compost significantly increased available nutrients and decreased available metals in amended chat, with no significant effect of B. This study indicated that pelleted manure, preferably at 180 Mg ha−1 rate with lime, can be used in acidic metal-contaminated chat to facilitate the establishment of perennial native grasses and reduce the potentially toxic metal availability.
2022-08-18T00:00:00ZNano-oxides immobilize cadmium, lead, and zinc in mine spoils and contaminated soils facilitating plant growthIndraratne, Srimathie P.Pierzynski, Gary M.Baker, Lucas R.Prasad, P.V. Varahttps://hdl.handle.net/10680/20352023-02-15T09:00:29Z2021-04-26T00:00:00ZNano-oxides immobilize cadmium, lead, and zinc in mine spoils and contaminated soils facilitating plant growth
Indraratne, Srimathie P.; Pierzynski, Gary M.; Baker, Lucas R.; Prasad, P.V. Vara
Nanoparticles with high reactivity can be applied as amendments to remediate soil metal contaminations by immobilizing toxic elements. Nano-oxides of Fe have been studied but Al and Ti nano-oxides have not been tested for their remediation capacity of toxic metals. The potential of synthesized iron (Fe-O), aluminum (Al-O), and titanium (Ti-O) nano-oxides for stabilizing Cd, Pb, and Zn in mine spoil (Chat) and contaminated soil was compared using adsorption studies and a greenhouse experiment. Chat and soil were amended with nanooxides at two rates (25 and 50 g·kg−1) and a pot experiment was conducted with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Leachates were collected twice per week from plant emergence to harvest at maturity and metals were compared against an unamended control. Chat was contaminated with Cd, Pb, and Zn at 84, 1583, and 6154 mg·kg−1, and soil at 15, 1260, and 3082 mg·kg−1, respectively. Adsorption conformed to the Langmuir linear isotherm and adsorption maxima of metals were in the order of Al-O > Ti-O ≥ Fe-O. Nano-oxides reduced Cd concentration by 28% (Fe-O) to 87% (Ti-O) and Zn concentration by 14% (Fe-O) to 85% (Al-O) in plant tissues compared with unamended Chat. Nano-oxides significantly reduced Cd, Pb, and Zn in leachates and available Cd and Zn in Chat/soil relative to the respective unamended controls. Nano-oxides can be used to remediate heavy metal contaminated Chat and soil and facilitate plant growth under proper nutrient supplements. Nano-oxides of Al-O and Ti-O remediated metals more effectively than Fe-O.
2021-04-26T00:00:00ZCattle manure loadings and legacy effects on copper and zinc availability under rainfed and irrigated conditionsIndraratne, Srimathie PSpengler, MatthewXiying, Haohttps://hdl.handle.net/10680/20342023-02-15T09:00:31Z2021-02-03T00:00:00ZCattle manure loadings and legacy effects on copper and zinc availability under rainfed and irrigated conditions
Indraratne, Srimathie P; Spengler, Matthew; Xiying, Hao
Long-term cattle manure applications build up nutrient pools and can lead to trace element enrichments in soils. The objectives of this study were to evaluate copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) loadings in the soil during continuous annual cattle manure applications and determine the time required for soil to return to its pre-manure available Cu and Zn levels after manure is discontinued. The manure application rates were 0, 30, 60, and 90 Mg·ha−1 for rainfed and 0, 60, 120, and 180 Mg·ha−1 (wet weight) for irrigated plots. Although manure was applied for 45 yr in some plots, applications were terminated in one subset of treatments after 14 yr and in another subset after 30 yr to study legacy effects after 31 and 15 yr, respectively. Soil samples were collected in the fall of 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018 and analyzed for available Cu and Zn. Crops were grown in all years continuously with Cu and Zn concentrations measured in both silage and grains harvested. The regression model developed using data collected suggests long legacy effects with recovery time to pre-manure levels ranging from 10 to 20 yr for Cu and 23 to 41 yr for Zn at irrigated and 10–24 for Cu and 21–32 yr for Zn under rainfed, respectively. Long-term applications of cattle manure could lead to accumulation of Cu and Zn, creating long-lasting legacy effects in soils with the increased environmental risk of leaching to groundwater.
2021-02-03T00:00:00Z